Transfagarasan - Romania

Transfagarasan, we have summarized the road that crosses the Fagaras Mountains (highest elevation mountains in Romania, reaching maximum height in Moldoveanu Peak - 2544m) and connects the two main regions, Transylvania, Wallachia. But we can not sum up just so, with one of Transfagarasan highest altitudes in Europe, namely 2042 meters (Caldarea Ice Balea), spanning two lanes with a length of 92 km and the entire road are 27 viaducts and bridges. Between Capra and Balea Lake is the largest tunnel in the country (887m), which crosses Mount Paltinul. Undoubtedly, the most beautiful road Transfagarasan road in Romania and one of the most spectacular in Europe. Transfagarasunului Crossing manages to combine adrenaline caused by many difficult and winding road, with the fantastic. Harmony level differences, the asymmetry of the place and enchanting landscape, managed to break from reality every creature, living as the most beautiful feeling in nature.
Among the objectives of tourist attractions we can mention Lake and Dam Vidraru Poienari fortress, Balea Lake Balea glacial waterfall.
Balea glacial lake formed in cirque, is a true wonder of nature, which lies between the Olt and Piatra Craiului. Balea Lake reaches a length of 360 meters, a width of 240 meters and a depth of 11 meters and is situated at an altitude of 2034 meters. Since 1932, so the entire surface of the lake and about 180 acres around it were declared scientific reserve. It should be recalled that during 2006 and near the lake, was built first ice hotel in Eastern Europe.
Depending on the year, the lake surface can practice different sports. Namely, during the summer you can practice rowing, and during winter, when water freezes, can skate, play hockey or curling.
Balea waterfall, another marvel of nature, is situated in the Fagaras Mountains, concerns of one of the most famous waterfalls in Romania. Balea waterfall is at an altitude of 1234 meters and the water flows from a height of 68 meters.
In winter during the term, the waterfall can ski down. Summer can be reached by car and rest periods with cable.
Poienari fortress, is recognized as one of the residences of Vlad Tepes (Dracula), a great fortress built in the way of the Ottoman invaders. Being situated on a mountain, the ruins are seen with a panoramic Vidraru Dam and Fagaras. To visit this city is required crossing a road with more than 1000 steps.
Vidraru Dam was built between 1961 and 1966 and for its realization have made great sacrifices, are about 80 dead. Upon completion of dam construction, it is ranked 5th in Europe and 9th place in the world. Tourists can reach the dam from the east side of Lake Vidraru on a road that climbs up to Balea. The left side of the dam can be reached Cumpana depression. Another area is the Landmark Belvedere platform, where you can admire the captivating beauty of the place.
Mount Plesa was famous statue of Prometheus by lightning in his hand, a symbol of electricity. Only a few hundred meters of the dam tourists can go to the House Argeseana "and the pier where the practice of leisure boat racing.
Persons interested in bungee jumping sensations can practice at the dam being arranged higher launch pad.
Vidraru Lake is a lake, with 465 million cubic meters of water, with a length of 10.3 km and a width of 2.2 km, thus accumulating a total area of 870 hectares and maximum depth of 155 meters. Underground power station is situated in massive Cetatuia to a depth of 104 meters and can provide annual energy production of 400 GWh.
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Békás, Cave Munticelu

Munticelu Cave is situated at the entrance of the gorge Gorges, based on calcareous Surduc Munticelu on the left side of the river Bicaz.
Munticelu Cave is considered the scientific point of view but also the most important landscape in Moldova. Discovered in the spring of 1973 by a few children went to gather snowdrops, Munticelu cave was named for this reason, by the locals, Ghiocelu cave. Road to start in the right career Surduc cave, 250 meters from the entrance keys suck.
The route is picturesque and is first in coils, then becomes increasingly steep and goes up to an altitude of 300 m where there is the cave. The trail to the cave is just one of many routes Békás. Hidden in the wall of a limestone cave entrance is about 1.5 feet short and follow a descending corridor of 10 meters, which leads you into a great hall, 30 meters long and 5 meters high by 4. With a length of 120 m Munticelu impressive cave hall and through the stalagmites formations.
At the bottom of the cave floor hall is smooth, covered with clay crust and stalagmites. From this place starts a large cluster of blocks that get in step, like an amphitheater, to the west. In the northern part of the room meet countless stalagmites which form a real light woods, striking landscape element that gives unique cave Munticelu.
Light stalagmites can admire here three feet high and three inches thick. Fistular stalactites which are outstanding and, sometimes, true form rain "macaroni." In the south we find a small lake, lined with foam calcite, immaculate. Munticelu hiding cave and some bones of cave bears, including a femur fixed in a stalagmite.
Because visiting the cave is not in an organized setting, in recent years many visitors have made an unconscious state of degradation in all the greater. Munticelu cave is electrified and has no arrangements to facilitate access. Currently, steps are to be arranged and opened to tourists visiting the presence of a guide. Nearby, the saddle is Glodului tunnel and cave, which as the name suggests is a rock tunnel that crosses a gorge Sugaului reserve stands! GO TO TOP^

Top Gear Transfagarasan The Most beautiful Road

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The Best Road in Romania Transfagarasan Full Part 3/11 Top Gear "The Best Road in the World"

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The Best Road in Romania Transfagarasan Full Part 5/11 Top Gear "The Best Road in the World"

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The Best Road in Romania Transfagarasan Full Part 6/11 Top Gear "The Best Road in the World"

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The Best Road in Romania Transfagarasan Full Part 7/11 Top Gear "The Best Road in the World"

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The Best Road in Romania Transfagarasan Full Part 8/11 Top Gear "The Best Road in the World"

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The Best Road in Romania Transfagarasan Full Part 9/11 Top Gear "The Best Road in the World"

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Romanian Carpathians

Romanian Carpathians are part of the eastern sector of the Alpine mountain system, well individualized by the general direction of the main peaks, the altitude, the massive structure. Resistance to Russian Platform imposed at Carpathian training a northwest direction from north to south south easterly direction and then westward as Hercynic Dobrogea horst.

Carpathian average altitude is about 1000 m, height rarely exceeding 2500 m (Bucegi, Fagaras, Parang, Retezatului, Rodna). The Western Carpathians, heights frequently descend the slopes below 800 m (Foreign Moma Mountains, Forest Mountains, Banat, etc.). Width system Carpathian Mountains in Romania varies between 120 km (in Rodna) and 70 km (in the Parang Mountains).
Carpathians are characterized by the presence of numerous cross-mountainous valleys and total or partial (Danube, Jiu, Olt, Bistriţa River, Mureş River Quick, etc.). They have 204 million years old.
According to geomorphological and geological differences, Romanian Carpathians are divided into three main units morfotectonice:
I. Eastern Carpathians with three older groups and 40 mountain groups that are distinct morphological, geophysical and geographical:
* Maramures and Bucovina Carpathians
* Moldavian Carpathians Transylvania
* Curvature Carpathians
II. Southern Carpathians with four older groups, subdivided into 23 mountain groups that are geographically distinct:
* Bucegi Mountains
* Fagaras Mountains
* Parang Mountains
* Godeanu Retezat Mountains
III. Western Carpathians with three older groups, divided in turn into 18 morphologically distinct mountain groups, geophysical and geographical:
* Banat Mountains
* Poiana Rusca Mountains
* Apuseni Mountains.
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Carpathian Mountains Part II

Carpathians were formed together with the entire Alpine system, the vast geosyncline of the Russian platform (the east), orogenetic caledono Hercynic (west) and African shield (the south). Since the Cretaceous, the formation of the Carpathians took place in several phases of uplifting movements, belonging orogenezei Alpine.
Gained relief appearance during the Quaternary current, growing on a mosaic of rocks (crystalline schists, volcanic rocks, magmatic and sedimentary rocks).
As in the Alps, Apennines and Scandinavian Mountains, the Carpathians, there are many areas with limestone and karst landforms, glacial relict landforms, structural and petrographic varied landscape.
The largest division is the Tatra Mountains.
Much of the Western Carpathians External western and northern Poland, Ukraine and Slovakia are traditionally appointed Beskids.
Geological boundary between the Western and the Eastern Carpathians, browse around the line (from south to north) between the towns Michalovce Bardejov Nowy Sacz Tarnów. The old paper was more to the east boundary line (from north to south) drawn from rivers and Osława Sanna (Poland) - Snina city (Slovakia) - Tur \ 'ia (Ukraine). Biologists, however, and moved east border.
Boundary between Eastern and Southern Carpathians is formed by Step Predeal, Brasov and Prahova Valley South.
Ukrainians use the term "Eastern Carpathians" only the Ukrainian Carpathians (or Wooded Carpathians), mainly in the area in their territory (until Prislop Pass), while the Romans used the term Eastern Carpathians (Eastern Carpathians) to refer the area extending from the border with Ukraine to the south.
In terms of climate, the Carpathians are part of the continental climate, with different shades because of their latitude, longitude and altitude.
One may speak of a mountain climate, characterized by altitudinal ratios, resulting in a decrease in temperature and precipitation increase as the altitude increases. Average annual temperature varies between 8 ° C in the foothills and 2 ° C on the highest peaks. Average annual rainfall varies between 750 mm and 2000 mm. At altitudes above 2000 m, rainfall is in most cases, the form of snow.
In the northern Baltic climate influences are felt in the western ocean, the climate influences from eastern Russian Plain (cold and dry winter), and the south Mediterranean.
The waters are very numerous. Major rivers and springs in the Carpathians are: Nitra, Hron, Tisza (with its aflienţii Bodo Somes, Cris and Mures), Jiu, Olt, Arges, Siret (with its tributaries of Moldova, Bistrita, Trotus, Putna, Ramnicu Salt and Buzau), Prut and Nistru.
The highest summits (particularly in north western Carpathians and the south eastern Carpathians), there are many glacial lakes. In addition to these lakes man, in most cases the lakes used for energy purposes.
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Chamois, Carpathian coat of arms

Steep ridges chamois protects wolves, but not by poachers.
I was Guţanu in Bucegi, in a place where the path to the slope creep among spruce stands, mountain pine and grassland, and so well camouflaged that no hunting, no hunting is not indifferent to me. Pack of wolves seemed close enough to manage the herd of black goats and I was wondering if and how can I prevent a massacre. For I must admit, though goat hunting by wolves is part of more settled order of nature, I found it difficult to remain completely neutral: chamois is one of my favorites since 1984 and have been involved with the monitoring, restocking and research devoted to this species. But the goats I have saved the dilemma: immediately jumped on a policy difficult to access, where watched with interest his efforts to climb walls wolves. The talented climber of the wolves managed to achieve the policy, but in that moment, several elegant leaps, goats climbed on a porch and more difficult to reach, just above it. Instead of a bloody undo curricula, too, and we've enjoyed the chamois of the Wolf comic show, which, leaving the loser, had great difficulties to fall back on the steep slippery. Earlier glaciaţiilor, Rupicapra Rupicapra - chamois of the Alps and the Carpathians - was already a distinct species because it is completely separated from relatives, chamois of the Pyrenees and Apennines.
When they took possession of mountain glaciers, could no longer feed the goats and fled to the plains, but there was competition with other large herbivores, were also more vulnerable to predators, so that, as glaciers have melted, they were returned on the rise. Hoof capable of great strength, chamois, with a remarkable technical rock climbing, and found a perfect refuge steep ridges of the Carpathians.
Although some wolves, bears and lynx in particular by failing to capture a goat on the wrong foot, steep mountain gaps to ensure a perfect protection. Chamois a needle with a noble figure, has become an almost heraldic symbol of the Carpathians. But here and its drama, what more perfect target for a weapon sight can only be deployed in the sky proud animal? Poachers were enemies of heraldry Carpathian goat.
By the 40s, when weapons were scattered and not too harsh law, the number dropped Chamois in Romania in 2000. Exclusion from the alpine pasture of goals and a strict arms control have made since 1980 to reach about 8500 numbers. After 1990, black goats were much depleted by poaching, especially as the proliferation of rifles. Chamois gone much further in some areas. Cave of ice Scărişoara speleologists Rupicapra have posted a skull, a sign that once lived in the Apuseni Mountains. Later, he disappeared from Ceahlau, Vrancea Mountains, Calimani. After 1970, the research team hunting the Forest Research Institute and began restocking the chamois-friendly resorts.
Most specimens were from displaced Retezat Bucegi and Fagaras Mountains Stone. After testing several methods of catching, he opted for nets. This ensures the lowest mortality. After immobilization and injection mandatory to avoid transportation stress relief, chamois forestry were held back until wooden cages and trucks quickly went to the place of restocking. In the '30s, black goats disappeared Pietrosul Rodnei area, shortly before, had a world record trophy. Starting from only 25 goats displaced Rodnei reached in 1990 to over 300.
Then spread poaching led to a new threshold population extinctions. The measures taken after 2000 halted this. In Hasmas, Ceahlau, Ciucaş, chamois are again part of the ecosystem, and Siriu, at 16 goats brought from Retezat Bucegi Mountains and stone, are now about 100. Silviu Chiriac researcher believes that a good result was Tişiţa Gorge Vrancea: here, it was displaced from 13 to 240 goats. "Limiting hunting and poaching have contributed to this success", he said. But the biggest populations are those of the Southern: about 1000 in the Bucegi and Piatra Mountains, between 3200 and 4000 in Fagaras, Parang River and, in about 2500 and Godeanu Retezat. Carpathian Chamois is the most valuable in the world. Five of the top 10 trophies worldwide chamois were collected in Bucegi. The current world record is held by a trophy species in Fagaras Mountains. GO TO TOP^

Carpathian Mountains, Part I

Carpathian Mountains are a mountain range belonging to the great central mountain system of Europe. Carpathian Basin caught between Vienna (which separates the Alpine chain) and lane Timok (which separates it from the Stara Planina Balkan Peninsula) forming an arc with a length of 1500 km and a maximum width of 130 km, taking place on 6 ° in latitude and longitude about 10 °. Covers the territory of seven countries: Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, Ukraine, Romania and Serbia.
Carpathian mountains appears to be some medium or short, only a few areas exceeding 2000 m in altitude.
The highest peak of Carpathian chain is Gerlach Peak, 2655 m, the Tatra Mountains in Slovakia and in Romania is Moldoveanu Peak, with 2544 m, situated in the Fagaras Mountains of Southern Carpathians.
Unlike the Alps, the Carpathians have large mountainous and peaks in the form of large areas covered with grassland. Carpathians lies the biggest volcanic chain in Europe. Crystalline and eruptive rocks alongside a large extent have a sedimentary rock, which gives a prominent slopes.
Carpathian climate is continental, rainfall increased in relation to altitude and vegetation is arranged in floors (above the alpine meadows, coniferous forests and beech forests on lower slopes and heights). Carpathian mountains spring: the Vistula, Dniester, Tisza, Prut, Siret, Mures, Olt.
The name comes from the Gauls of the carp (Karpathos Horos), living in Moldova, Eastern Carpathians slopes, name, in turn, probably came from an Indo European word meaning stone.
Carpathians begin on the Danube near Bratislava. They surround Transcarpathia and Transylvania in a large semicircle, continue south east and ends at the Danube near Orsova, Romania. The total length of the Carpathians is 1500 km and width of the mountain chain varies between 12 km and 500 km. Greatest width of the Carpathians corresponds with the highest altitude. The mountain chain is the largest width in hilly basin of Transylvania and the Tatra Mountains (the greatest height of the Carpathians, with Gerlach know, which has 2655 m altitude, on the territory of Slovakia on the border with Poland. It covers an area 190 000 km2 and, after the Alps is the most extensive mountain range in Europe.
Although commonly referred to as a Carpathian mountain range, they really do not form an unbroken chain of mountains. Rather, it consists of several distinct geological groups, presenting a structural variety as the Alps. Carpathians, which only in rare places reach an altitude of 2500 m exhibits little rocky peaks, extensive snow-covered areas, lying glaciers, high waterfalls, or large lakes that are common in the Alps. No area of the Carpathian not snow all year and shows no glacier. Carpathians at their maximum altitude, but are as high as Central Eastern Alps, which divides an issue joint climate and flora.
Alps Carpathians are separated by the Danube. The two mountain ranges meet in one point: the Leitha Mountains at Bratislava. The river divides also Balkan Mountains Carpathians chain, to Orsova.


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